Pacifiers & Breastfeeding: Do They Help or Hurt?
As a new mom, you may be wondering whether introducing a pacifier will interfere with breastfeeding. Some experts warn against early pacifier use, while others suggest they have benefits. So, what’s the real deal?
The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine (ABM) provides evidence-based recommendations to help parents make an informed decision. Let’s break down what the latest research says about pacifiers and breastfeeding.
Do Pacifiers Interfere with Breastfeeding?
One of the main concerns with pacifiers is nipple confusion or preference, where a baby may struggle to latch properly on the breast after getting used to an artificial nipple. However, recent research suggests that this risk is lower than previously thought, especially for babies who have already established a good breastfeeding routine.
The ABM recognizes that while early, frequent breastfeeding is key to a successful milk supply, pacifiers don’t necessarily disrupt breastfeeding when used appropriately.
When Pacifiers Might Be Harmful
The ABM recommends avoiding pacifiers in the early days if:
Breastfeeding isn’t yet well established (usually within the first 3–4 weeks).
Baby has trouble latching or gaining weight.
Mom has a low milk supply and needs baby to nurse frequently to boost production.
Pacifier use replaces or delays feedings, leading to less time at the breast.
For newborns who are still learning to latch and breastfeed effectively, pacifiers should not be a substitute for feeding cues.
Potential Benefits of Pacifier Use
While there are concerns about pacifiers interfering with breastfeeding, they also offer some benefits when used appropriately:
1. Reducing the Risk of SIDS
One of the biggest reasons pacifiers are recommended is that they have been shown to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) when used during naps and nighttime sleep. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggests offering a pacifier at bedtime once breastfeeding is well established.
2. Comforting Babies Without Overfeeding
Some babies have a strong need to suck for comfort, even after feeding well. If a baby is satisfied after nursing but still wants to suck, a pacifier can provide non-nutritive sucking without leading to overfeeding.
3. Helping Preterm Babies Develop Sucking Skills
For preterm babies in the NICU, studies have shown that pacifiers can help improve their sucking ability, which may actually support better breastfeeding later on.
ABM’s Recommendations for Pacifier Use in Breastfed Infants
Based on the latest research, the ABM offers a balanced approach to pacifier use:
✔ Delay pacifier introduction until breastfeeding is well established (around 3–4 weeks) to avoid early feeding issues.
✔ Use pacifiers for sleep to reduce the risk of SIDS, but don’t force them if the baby doesn’t want one.
✔ Don’t use a pacifier as a replacement for feeding cues. Always check if the baby is hungry first.
✔ Choose a one-piece, orthodontic pacifier to reduce choking risks and dental issues.
✔ Wean from pacifiers gradually by age 2–3 years to avoid speech and dental problems.
The Bottom Line: Pacifiers Can Be Helpful When Used Wisely
Pacifiers aren’t necessarily bad for breastfeeding, but timing matters. Introducing them too early may interfere with latching and milk supply, but waiting a few weeks and using them in moderation can provide benefits.
Every baby is different, so trust your instincts and your baby’s needs. If you’re unsure, a lactation consultant can help guide you on the best approach.
Did you use a pacifier with your baby? How did it affect breastfeeding? Share your experience in the comments!
